diff --git a/src/pl/plperl/GNUmakefile b/src/pl/plperl/GNUmakefile
index 9b1c514..e4d0a0b 100644
--- a/src/pl/plperl/GNUmakefile
+++ b/src/pl/plperl/GNUmakefile
@@ -55,8 +55,10 @@ endif # win32
 
 SHLIB_LINK = $(perl_embed_ldflags)
 
-REGRESS_OPTS = --dbname=$(PL_TESTDB) --load-extension=plperl  --load-extension=plperlu
-REGRESS = plperl plperl_lc plperl_trigger plperl_shared plperl_elog plperl_util plperl_init plperlu plperl_array plperl_call plperl_transaction
+REGRESS_OPTS = --dbname=$(PL_TESTDB)
+REGRESS = plperl_setup plperl plperl_lc plperl_trigger plperl_shared \
+	plperl_elog plperl_util plperl_init plperlu plperl_array \
+	plperl_call plperl_transaction
 # if Perl can support two interpreters in one backend,
 # test plperl-and-plperlu cases
 ifneq ($(PERL),)
diff --git a/src/pl/plperl/expected/plperl_setup.out b/src/pl/plperl/expected/plperl_setup.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7cb1f25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pl/plperl/expected/plperl_setup.out
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+--
+-- Install the plperl and plperlu extensions
+--
+-- Before going ahead with the to-be-tested installations, verify that
+-- a non-superuser is allowed to install plperl (but not plperlu) when
+-- suitable permissions have been granted.
+CREATE USER regress_user1;
+CREATE USER regress_user2;
+SET ROLE regress_user1;
+CREATE EXTENSION plperl;  -- fail
+ERROR:  permission denied to create extension "plperl"
+HINT:  Must be database owner or member of pg_install_trusted_extension to create this extension.
+CREATE EXTENSION plperlu;  -- fail
+ERROR:  permission denied to create extension "plperlu"
+HINT:  Must be superuser to create this extension.
+RESET ROLE;
+GRANT pg_install_trusted_extension TO regress_user1;
+SET ROLE regress_user1;
+CREATE EXTENSION plperl;
+CREATE EXTENSION plperlu;  -- fail
+ERROR:  permission denied to create extension "plperlu"
+HINT:  Must be superuser to create this extension.
+CREATE FUNCTION foo1() returns int language plperl as '1;';
+SELECT foo1();
+ foo1 
+------
+    1
+(1 row)
+
+-- Should be able to change privileges on the language
+revoke all on language plperl from public;
+SET ROLE regress_user2;
+CREATE FUNCTION foo2() returns int language plperl as '2;';  -- fail
+ERROR:  permission denied for language plperl
+SET ROLE regress_user1;
+grant usage on language plperl to regress_user2;
+SET ROLE regress_user2;
+CREATE FUNCTION foo2() returns int language plperl as '2;';
+SELECT foo2();
+ foo2 
+------
+    2
+(1 row)
+
+SET ROLE regress_user1;
+-- Should be able to drop the extension, but not the language per se
+DROP LANGUAGE plperl CASCADE;
+ERROR:  cannot drop language plperl because extension plperl requires it
+HINT:  You can drop extension plperl instead.
+DROP EXTENSION plperl CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to 2 other objects
+DETAIL:  drop cascades to function foo1()
+drop cascades to function foo2()
+-- Clean up
+RESET ROLE;
+DROP USER regress_user1;
+DROP USER regress_user2;
+-- Now install the versions that will be used by subsequent test scripts.
+CREATE EXTENSION plperl;
+CREATE EXTENSION plperlu;
diff --git a/src/pl/plperl/plperl--1.0.sql b/src/pl/plperl/plperl--1.0.sql
index f716ba1..5ff31e7 100644
--- a/src/pl/plperl/plperl--1.0.sql
+++ b/src/pl/plperl/plperl--1.0.sql
@@ -1,11 +1,20 @@
 /* src/pl/plperl/plperl--1.0.sql */
 
-/*
- * Currently, all the interesting stuff is done by CREATE LANGUAGE.
- * Later we will probably "dumb down" that command and put more of the
- * knowledge into this script.
- */
+CREATE FUNCTION plperl_call_handler() RETURNS language_handler
+  LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
 
-CREATE LANGUAGE plperl;
+CREATE FUNCTION plperl_inline_handler(internal) RETURNS void
+  STRICT LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE FUNCTION plperl_validator(oid) RETURNS void
+  STRICT LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE TRUSTED LANGUAGE plperl
+  HANDLER plperl_call_handler
+  INLINE plperl_inline_handler
+  VALIDATOR plperl_validator;
+
+-- The language object, but not the functions, can be owned by a non-superuser.
+ALTER LANGUAGE plperl OWNER TO @extowner@;
 
 COMMENT ON LANGUAGE plperl IS 'PL/Perl procedural language';
diff --git a/src/pl/plperl/plperl.control b/src/pl/plperl/plperl.control
index 6faace1..3a2230a 100644
--- a/src/pl/plperl/plperl.control
+++ b/src/pl/plperl/plperl.control
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@ default_version = '1.0'
 module_pathname = '$libdir/plperl'
 relocatable = false
 schema = pg_catalog
-superuser = false
+superuser = true
+trusted = true
diff --git a/src/pl/plperl/plperlu--1.0.sql b/src/pl/plperl/plperlu--1.0.sql
index 7efb4fb..10d7594 100644
--- a/src/pl/plperl/plperlu--1.0.sql
+++ b/src/pl/plperl/plperlu--1.0.sql
@@ -1,11 +1,17 @@
 /* src/pl/plperl/plperlu--1.0.sql */
 
-/*
- * Currently, all the interesting stuff is done by CREATE LANGUAGE.
- * Later we will probably "dumb down" that command and put more of the
- * knowledge into this script.
- */
+CREATE FUNCTION plperlu_call_handler() RETURNS language_handler
+  LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
 
-CREATE LANGUAGE plperlu;
+CREATE FUNCTION plperlu_inline_handler(internal) RETURNS void
+  STRICT LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE FUNCTION plperlu_validator(oid) RETURNS void
+  STRICT LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE LANGUAGE plperlu
+  HANDLER plperlu_call_handler
+  INLINE plperlu_inline_handler
+  VALIDATOR plperlu_validator;
 
 COMMENT ON LANGUAGE plperlu IS 'PL/PerlU untrusted procedural language';
diff --git a/src/pl/plperl/sql/plperl_setup.sql b/src/pl/plperl/sql/plperl_setup.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c7b52c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pl/plperl/sql/plperl_setup.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+--
+-- Install the plperl and plperlu extensions
+--
+
+-- Before going ahead with the to-be-tested installations, verify that
+-- a non-superuser is allowed to install plperl (but not plperlu) when
+-- suitable permissions have been granted.
+
+CREATE USER regress_user1;
+CREATE USER regress_user2;
+
+SET ROLE regress_user1;
+
+CREATE EXTENSION plperl;  -- fail
+CREATE EXTENSION plperlu;  -- fail
+
+RESET ROLE;
+
+GRANT pg_install_trusted_extension TO regress_user1;
+
+SET ROLE regress_user1;
+
+CREATE EXTENSION plperl;
+CREATE EXTENSION plperlu;  -- fail
+
+CREATE FUNCTION foo1() returns int language plperl as '1;';
+SELECT foo1();
+
+-- Should be able to change privileges on the language
+revoke all on language plperl from public;
+
+SET ROLE regress_user2;
+
+CREATE FUNCTION foo2() returns int language plperl as '2;';  -- fail
+
+SET ROLE regress_user1;
+
+grant usage on language plperl to regress_user2;
+
+SET ROLE regress_user2;
+
+CREATE FUNCTION foo2() returns int language plperl as '2;';
+SELECT foo2();
+
+SET ROLE regress_user1;
+
+-- Should be able to drop the extension, but not the language per se
+DROP LANGUAGE plperl CASCADE;
+DROP EXTENSION plperl CASCADE;
+
+-- Clean up
+RESET ROLE;
+DROP USER regress_user1;
+DROP USER regress_user2;
+
+-- Now install the versions that will be used by subsequent test scripts.
+CREATE EXTENSION plperl;
+CREATE EXTENSION plperlu;
diff --git a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql--1.0.sql b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql--1.0.sql
index ab6fa84..6e5b990 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql--1.0.sql
+++ b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql--1.0.sql
@@ -1,11 +1,20 @@
 /* src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql--1.0.sql */
 
-/*
- * Currently, all the interesting stuff is done by CREATE LANGUAGE.
- * Later we will probably "dumb down" that command and put more of the
- * knowledge into this script.
- */
+CREATE FUNCTION plpgsql_call_handler() RETURNS language_handler
+  LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
 
-CREATE LANGUAGE plpgsql;
+CREATE FUNCTION plpgsql_inline_handler(internal) RETURNS void
+  STRICT LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE FUNCTION plpgsql_validator(oid) RETURNS void
+  STRICT LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE TRUSTED LANGUAGE plpgsql
+  HANDLER plpgsql_call_handler
+  INLINE plpgsql_inline_handler
+  VALIDATOR plpgsql_validator;
+
+-- The language object, but not the functions, can be owned by a non-superuser.
+ALTER LANGUAGE plpgsql OWNER TO @extowner@;
 
 COMMENT ON LANGUAGE plpgsql IS 'PL/pgSQL procedural language';
diff --git a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql.control b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql.control
index b320227..42e764b 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql.control
+++ b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql.control
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@ default_version = '1.0'
 module_pathname = '$libdir/plpgsql'
 relocatable = false
 schema = pg_catalog
-superuser = false
+superuser = true
+trusted = true
diff --git a/src/pl/plpython/plpython2u--1.0.sql b/src/pl/plpython/plpython2u--1.0.sql
index 661cc66..69f7477 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpython/plpython2u--1.0.sql
+++ b/src/pl/plpython/plpython2u--1.0.sql
@@ -1,11 +1,17 @@
 /* src/pl/plpython/plpython2u--1.0.sql */
 
-/*
- * Currently, all the interesting stuff is done by CREATE LANGUAGE.
- * Later we will probably "dumb down" that command and put more of the
- * knowledge into this script.
- */
+CREATE FUNCTION plpython2_call_handler() RETURNS language_handler
+  LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
 
-CREATE LANGUAGE plpython2u;
+CREATE FUNCTION plpython2_inline_handler(internal) RETURNS void
+  STRICT LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE FUNCTION plpython2_validator(oid) RETURNS void
+  STRICT LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE LANGUAGE plpython2u
+  HANDLER plpython2_call_handler
+  INLINE plpython2_inline_handler
+  VALIDATOR plpython2_validator;
 
 COMMENT ON LANGUAGE plpython2u IS 'PL/Python2U untrusted procedural language';
diff --git a/src/pl/plpython/plpython3u--1.0.sql b/src/pl/plpython/plpython3u--1.0.sql
index c0d6ea8..ba2e6ac 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpython/plpython3u--1.0.sql
+++ b/src/pl/plpython/plpython3u--1.0.sql
@@ -1,11 +1,17 @@
 /* src/pl/plpython/plpython3u--1.0.sql */
 
-/*
- * Currently, all the interesting stuff is done by CREATE LANGUAGE.
- * Later we will probably "dumb down" that command and put more of the
- * knowledge into this script.
- */
+CREATE FUNCTION plpython3_call_handler() RETURNS language_handler
+  LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
 
-CREATE LANGUAGE plpython3u;
+CREATE FUNCTION plpython3_inline_handler(internal) RETURNS void
+  STRICT LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE FUNCTION plpython3_validator(oid) RETURNS void
+  STRICT LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE LANGUAGE plpython3u
+  HANDLER plpython3_call_handler
+  INLINE plpython3_inline_handler
+  VALIDATOR plpython3_validator;
 
 COMMENT ON LANGUAGE plpython3u IS 'PL/Python3U untrusted procedural language';
diff --git a/src/pl/plpython/plpythonu--1.0.sql b/src/pl/plpython/plpythonu--1.0.sql
index 4a3e64a..4c6f7c3 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpython/plpythonu--1.0.sql
+++ b/src/pl/plpython/plpythonu--1.0.sql
@@ -1,11 +1,17 @@
 /* src/pl/plpython/plpythonu--1.0.sql */
 
-/*
- * Currently, all the interesting stuff is done by CREATE LANGUAGE.
- * Later we will probably "dumb down" that command and put more of the
- * knowledge into this script.
- */
+CREATE FUNCTION plpython_call_handler() RETURNS language_handler
+  LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
 
-CREATE LANGUAGE plpythonu;
+CREATE FUNCTION plpython_inline_handler(internal) RETURNS void
+  STRICT LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE FUNCTION plpython_validator(oid) RETURNS void
+  STRICT LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE LANGUAGE plpythonu
+  HANDLER plpython_call_handler
+  INLINE plpython_inline_handler
+  VALIDATOR plpython_validator;
 
 COMMENT ON LANGUAGE plpythonu IS 'PL/PythonU untrusted procedural language';
diff --git a/src/pl/tcl/pltcl--1.0.sql b/src/pl/tcl/pltcl--1.0.sql
index 34a68c8..2ed2b92 100644
--- a/src/pl/tcl/pltcl--1.0.sql
+++ b/src/pl/tcl/pltcl--1.0.sql
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 /* src/pl/tcl/pltcl--1.0.sql */
 
-/*
- * Currently, all the interesting stuff is done by CREATE LANGUAGE.
- * Later we will probably "dumb down" that command and put more of the
- * knowledge into this script.
- */
+CREATE FUNCTION pltcl_call_handler() RETURNS language_handler
+  LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
 
-CREATE LANGUAGE pltcl;
+CREATE TRUSTED LANGUAGE pltcl
+  HANDLER pltcl_call_handler;
+
+-- The language object, but not the functions, can be owned by a non-superuser.
+ALTER LANGUAGE pltcl OWNER TO @extowner@;
 
 COMMENT ON LANGUAGE pltcl IS 'PL/Tcl procedural language';
diff --git a/src/pl/tcl/pltcl.control b/src/pl/tcl/pltcl.control
index b9dc1b8..1568c17 100644
--- a/src/pl/tcl/pltcl.control
+++ b/src/pl/tcl/pltcl.control
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@ default_version = '1.0'
 module_pathname = '$libdir/pltcl'
 relocatable = false
 schema = pg_catalog
-superuser = false
+superuser = true
+trusted = true
diff --git a/src/pl/tcl/pltclu--1.0.sql b/src/pl/tcl/pltclu--1.0.sql
index e05b470..fca869f 100644
--- a/src/pl/tcl/pltclu--1.0.sql
+++ b/src/pl/tcl/pltclu--1.0.sql
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 /* src/pl/tcl/pltclu--1.0.sql */
 
-/*
- * Currently, all the interesting stuff is done by CREATE LANGUAGE.
- * Later we will probably "dumb down" that command and put more of the
- * knowledge into this script.
- */
+CREATE FUNCTION pltclu_call_handler() RETURNS language_handler
+  LANGUAGE c AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
 
-CREATE LANGUAGE pltclu;
+CREATE LANGUAGE pltclu
+  HANDLER pltclu_call_handler;
 
 COMMENT ON LANGUAGE pltclu IS 'PL/TclU untrusted procedural language';
