Patch for option in pg_resetxlog for restore from WAL files

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_resetxlog.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_resetxlog.sgml
index 27b9ab41..5d6aef6 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_resetxlog.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_resetxlog.sgml
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
    <command>pg_resetxlog</command>
    <arg choice="opt"><option>-f</option></arg>
    <arg choice="opt"><option>-n</option></arg>
+   <arg choice="opt"><option>-r</option></arg>
    <arg choice="opt"><option>-o</option> <replaceable class="parameter">oid</replaceable></arg>
    <arg choice="opt"><option>-x</option> <replaceable class="parameter">xid</replaceable></arg>
    <arg choice="opt"><option>-e</option> <replaceable class="parameter">xid_epoch</replaceable></arg>
@@ -61,6 +62,20 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
   </para>
 
   <para>
+   If <command>pg_resetxlog</command> complains that it cannot determine valid
+   data for <filename>pg_control</>, you can restore the
+   <filename>pg_control</> data from WAL files if they are intact by
+   specifying the <option>-r</> (restore) option. In this case the values will
+   be substituted for the missing data from WAL files will be displayed.
+   If the user feels the values are correct, the user can force these values
+   to set in the control file by specifying the <option>-fr</> by this missing
+   data is restored from WAL files, user can recover database and use as normal
+   database after restart. if the missing data is not able to restore then in
+   this case plausible values will be substituted for the missing data.
+   which follows same as below information.
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
    If <command>pg_resetxlog</command> complains that it cannot determine
    valid data for <filename>pg_control</>, you can force it to proceed anyway
    by specifying the <option>-f</> (force) option.  In this case plausible
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_resetxlog/pg_resetxlog.c b/src/bin/pg_resetxlog/pg_resetxlog.c
index d5d89ec..9e9caf4 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_resetxlog/pg_resetxlog.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_resetxlog/pg_resetxlog.c
@@ -19,6 +19,13 @@
  * This is all pretty straightforward except for the intuition part of
  * step 2 ...
  *
+ * The algorithm of restoring the pg_control value from old xlog file:
+ *	  1. Retrieve all of the active xlog files from xlog direcotry into a list
+ *		 by increasing order, according their timeline, xlogsegno.
+ *	  2. Search the list to find the oldest xlog file of the lastest time line.
+ *	  3. Search the records from the oldest xlog file of latest time line
+ *		 to the latest xlog file of latest time line, if the checkpoint record
+ *		 has been found, update the latest checkpoint and previous checkpoint.
  *
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2012, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
@@ -62,16 +69,87 @@ extern char *optarg;
 static ControlFileData ControlFile;		/* pg_control values */
 static XLogSegNo newXlogSegNo;	/* new XLOG segment # */
 static bool guessed = false;	/* T if we had to guess at any values */
+static bool restored = false;	/* T if we had restore any values from WAL */
 static const char *progname;
 
+/*
+ * We use a list to store the active xlog files we had found in the
+ * xlog directory in increasing order according the time line, logid,
+ * segment id.
+ *
+ */
+typedef struct XLogFileName
+{
+	TimeLineID	tli;
+	XLogSegNo	segno;
+	char		fname[MAXFNAMELEN];
+	struct XLogFileName *next;
+}	XLogFileName;
+
+/* The list head */
+static XLogFileName *xlogfilelist = NULL;
+
+/* LastXLogfile is the latest file in the latest time line,
+ *	CurXLogfile is the oldest file in the latest time line
+ */
+static XLogFileName *CurXLogFile,
+		   *LastXLogFile;
+
+/*
+ * readFile is -1 or a kernel FD for an open log file segment.
+ * When it's open, readOff is the current seek offset in the file.
+ * readSegNo identifies the segment.  These variables are only
+ * used to read the XLOG.
+ */
+static int	readFile = -1;
+static XLogSegNo readSegNo = 0;
+static TimeLineID readTli;
+static uint32 readOff = 0;
+
+/* Buffer for currently read page (XLOG_BLCKSZ bytes) */
+static char *readBuf = NULL;
+
+/* Buffer for current ReadRecord result (expandable) */
+static char *readRecordBuf = NULL;
+static uint32 readRecordBufSize = 0;
+
+/* State information for XLOG reading */
+static XLogRecPtr ReadRecPtr;	/* start of last record read */
+static XLogRecPtr EndRecPtr;	/* end+1 of last record read */
+
+/* The last checkpoint found in xlog file.*/
+static CheckPoint lastcheckpoint;
+
+/* The last and previous checkpoint pointers found in xlog file.*/
+static XLogRecPtr prevchkp,
+			lastchkp;
+
 static bool ReadControlFile(void);
 static void GuessControlValues(void);
-static void PrintControlValues(bool guessed);
+static void PrintControlValues(void);
 static void RewriteControlFile(void);
 static void FindEndOfXLOG(void);
 static void KillExistingXLOG(void);
 static void KillExistingArchiveStatus(void);
 static void WriteEmptyXLOG(void);
+static void RestoreControlValues(bool mode);
+static bool SearchLastCheckpoint(void);
+static bool CompareXLogFileNames(XLogFileName * f1, XLogFileName * f2);
+static void AddXLogFileIntoList(char *fname);
+static bool ValidXLogFileName(char *fname);
+static bool ValidXLOGPageHeader(XLogPageHeader hdr, uint32 tli,
+					XLogSegNo segno);
+static void ValidateXLOGDirectoryStructure(void);
+static bool PrepareXLogFileList(void);
+static bool IsNextSeg(XLogFileName * prev, XLogFileName * cur);
+static bool GetStartXLogFile(void);
+static bool RecordIsValid(XLogRecord *record);
+static void CleanUpList(XLogFileName * list);
+static bool ValidXLogRecordHeader(XLogRecPtr *RecPtr, XLogRecord *record,
+					  bool randAccess);
+static bool XLogPageRead(XLogRecPtr *RecPtr);
+static XLogRecord *ReadRecord(XLogRecPtr *RecPtr, bool randAccess,
+		   bool *bContRec);
 static void usage(void);
 
 
@@ -81,6 +159,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	int			c;
 	bool		force = false;
 	bool		noupdate = false;
+	bool		restore = false;
 	uint32		set_xid_epoch = (uint32) -1;
 	TransactionId set_xid = 0;
 	Oid			set_oid = 0;
@@ -112,7 +191,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	}
 
 
-	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "fl:m:no:O:x:e:")) != -1)
+	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "fl:m:no:O:x:e:r")) != -1)
 	{
 		switch (c)
 		{
@@ -123,6 +202,9 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 			case 'n':
 				noupdate = true;
 				break;
+			case 'r':
+				restore = true;
+				break;
 
 			case 'e':
 				set_xid_epoch = strtoul(optarg, &endptr, 0);
@@ -271,15 +353,21 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Attempt to read the existing pg_control file
+	 * Attempt to read the existing pg_control file, if the pg_control file is
+	 * not proper then it will first try to restore pg_control values from WAL
+	 * files, if failed then guess the values. if the restore option is not
+	 * provided then the values will be guessed directly.
 	 */
 	if (!ReadControlFile())
-		GuessControlValues();
+		RestoreControlValues(restore);
 
-	/*
-	 * Also look at existing segment files to set up newXlogSegNo
-	 */
-	FindEndOfXLOG();
+	if (!restored)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Also look at existing segment files to set up newXlogSegNo
+		 */
+		FindEndOfXLOG();
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Adjust fields if required by switches.  (Do this now so that printout,
@@ -324,9 +412,9 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 * If we had to guess anything, and -f was not given, just print the
 	 * guessed values and exit.  Also print if -n is given.
 	 */
-	if ((guessed && !force) || noupdate)
+	if (((guessed || restored) && !force) || noupdate)
 	{
-		PrintControlValues(guessed);
+		PrintControlValues();
 		if (!noupdate)
 		{
 			printf(_("\nIf these values seem acceptable, use -f to force reset.\n"));
@@ -351,11 +439,17 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	 * Else, do the dirty deed.
 	 */
 	RewriteControlFile();
-	KillExistingXLOG();
-	KillExistingArchiveStatus();
-	WriteEmptyXLOG();
+	if (!restored)
+	{
+		KillExistingXLOG();
+		KillExistingArchiveStatus();
+		WriteEmptyXLOG();
+
+		printf(_("Transaction log reset\n"));
+	}
+	else
+		printf(_("Restore is successful\n"));
 
-	printf(_("Transaction log reset\n"));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -434,7 +528,6 @@ ReadControlFile(void)
 	return false;
 }
 
-
 /*
  * Guess at pg_control values when we can't read the old ones.
  */
@@ -481,7 +574,6 @@ GuessControlValues(void)
 	ControlFile.checkPoint = ControlFile.checkPointCopy.redo;
 
 	/* minRecoveryPoint, backupStartPoint and backupEndPoint can be left zero */
-
 	ControlFile.wal_level = WAL_LEVEL_MINIMAL;
 	ControlFile.MaxConnections = 100;
 	ControlFile.max_prepared_xacts = 0;
@@ -518,13 +610,15 @@ GuessControlValues(void)
  * reset by RewriteControlFile().
  */
 static void
-PrintControlValues(bool guessed)
+PrintControlValues()
 {
 	char		sysident_str[32];
 	char		fname[MAXFNAMELEN];
 
 	if (guessed)
 		printf(_("Guessed pg_control values:\n\n"));
+	else if (restored)
+		printf(_("Restored pg_control values:\n\n"));
 	else
 		printf(_("pg_control values:\n\n"));
 
@@ -535,10 +629,23 @@ PrintControlValues(bool guessed)
 	snprintf(sysident_str, sizeof(sysident_str), UINT64_FORMAT,
 			 ControlFile.system_identifier);
 
-	XLogFileName(fname, ControlFile.checkPointCopy.ThisTimeLineID, newXlogSegNo);
+	if (restored)
+	{
+		XLogFileName(fname, ControlFile.checkPointCopy.ThisTimeLineID,
+					 ControlFile.checkPointCopy.redo);
+
+		printf(_("First log segment after restore:        %s\n"),
+			   fname);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		XLogFileName(fname, ControlFile.checkPointCopy.ThisTimeLineID,
+					 newXlogSegNo);
+
+		printf(_("First log segment after reset:        %s\n"),
+			   fname);
+	}
 
-	printf(_("First log segment after reset:        %s\n"),
-		   fname);
 	printf(_("pg_control version number:            %u\n"),
 		   ControlFile.pg_control_version);
 	printf(_("Catalog version number:               %u\n"),
@@ -599,22 +706,26 @@ RewriteControlFile(void)
 	int			fd;
 	char		buffer[PG_CONTROL_SIZE];		/* need not be aligned */
 
-	/*
-	 * Adjust fields as needed to force an empty XLOG starting at
-	 * newXlogSegNo.
-	 */
-	XLogSegNoOffsetToRecPtr(newXlogSegNo, SizeOfXLogLongPHD,
-							ControlFile.checkPointCopy.redo);
-	ControlFile.checkPointCopy.time = (pg_time_t) time(NULL);
+	if (!restored)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Adjust fields as needed to force an empty XLOG starting at
+		 * newXlogSegNo.
+		 */
+		XLogSegNoOffsetToRecPtr(newXlogSegNo, SizeOfXLogLongPHD,
+								ControlFile.checkPointCopy.redo);
+		ControlFile.checkPointCopy.time = (pg_time_t) time(NULL);
+
+		ControlFile.state = DB_SHUTDOWNED;
+		ControlFile.time = (pg_time_t) time(NULL);
+		ControlFile.checkPoint = ControlFile.checkPointCopy.redo;
+		ControlFile.prevCheckPoint = 0;
+		ControlFile.minRecoveryPoint = 0;
+		ControlFile.backupStartPoint = 0;
+		ControlFile.backupEndPoint = 0;
+		ControlFile.backupEndRequired = false;
+	}
 
-	ControlFile.state = DB_SHUTDOWNED;
-	ControlFile.time = (pg_time_t) time(NULL);
-	ControlFile.checkPoint = ControlFile.checkPointCopy.redo;
-	ControlFile.prevCheckPoint = 0;
-	ControlFile.minRecoveryPoint = 0;
-	ControlFile.backupStartPoint = 0;
-	ControlFile.backupEndPoint = 0;
-	ControlFile.backupEndRequired = false;
 
 	/*
 	 * Force the defaults for max_* settings. The values don't really matter
@@ -985,6 +1096,895 @@ WriteEmptyXLOG(void)
 	close(fd);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Restores the pg_control values by searching the xlog segment files
+ * or by guessing it.
+ */
+static void
+RestoreControlValues(bool mode)
+{
+	bool		result = false;
+
+	GuessControlValues();
+
+	if (mode)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * update the checkpoint value in control file, by searching xlog
+		 * segment files.
+		 */
+		result = SearchLastCheckpoint();
+		if (result)				/* The last checkpoint had been found. */
+		{
+			restored = true;
+			guessed = false;
+
+			ControlFile.checkPointCopy = lastcheckpoint;
+			ControlFile.checkPoint = lastchkp;
+			ControlFile.prevCheckPoint = prevchkp;
+			ControlFile.time = lastcheckpoint.time;
+
+			/*
+			 * Always set as in production, which makes the database to
+			 * recover always if the redo present.
+			 */
+			ControlFile.state = DB_IN_PRODUCTION;
+
+			newXlogSegNo = readSegNo;
+		}
+
+		/* Clean up the list. */
+		CleanUpList(xlogfilelist);
+	}
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Search the lastest checkpoint in the lastest XLog segment file.
+ *
+ * The return value is the total checkpoints which had been found
+ * in the XLog segment file.
+ */
+static bool
+SearchLastCheckpoint(void)
+{
+	bool		randAccess = true;
+	bool		bContRec = false;
+	bool		bFoundChkPoint = false;
+
+	/* First time through, permanently allocate readBuf. */
+	readBuf = (char *) malloc(XLOG_BLCKSZ);
+	if (NULL == readBuf)
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Memory allocation failed for size: %d\n"),
+				progname, XLOG_BLCKSZ);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * retrive all of the active xlog files from xlog direcotry into a list by
+	 * increasing order, according their timeline and segmentno.
+	 */
+	if (!PrepareXLogFileList())
+		goto READ_BUF_FREE;
+
+	/* Select the oldest segment file in the lastest time line. */
+	if (!GetStartXLogFile())
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: No xlog files are found in directory: %s\n"),
+				progname, XLOGDIR);
+		goto READ_BUF_FREE;
+	}
+
+	/* Form the first record address to read from xlog file */
+	XLogSegNoOffsetToRecPtr(CurXLogFile->segno, 0, EndRecPtr);
+	ReadRecPtr = EndRecPtr;
+
+	fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Trying to read checkpoint record from xlog files in"
+					  " directory: %s\n"), progname, XLOGDIR);
+
+	/*
+	 * Search the XLog segment file from beginning to end, if checkpoint
+	 * record is found, then update checkpoint record later update the control
+	 * file from these informations.
+	 */
+	while (ReadRecord(&EndRecPtr, randAccess, &bContRec) != NULL)
+	{
+		/* Ignore the first record if it is a continuous record */
+		if (bContRec)
+			continue;
+
+		randAccess = false;
+
+		/* To see if the record is checkpoint record. */
+		if (((XLogRecord *) readRecordBuf)->xl_rmid == RM_XLOG_ID)
+		{
+			CheckPoint *chkpoint;
+			uint8		info
+			= ((XLogRecord *) readRecordBuf)->xl_info & ~XLR_INFO_MASK;
+
+			if ((info == XLOG_CHECKPOINT_SHUTDOWN)
+				|| (info == XLOG_CHECKPOINT_ONLINE))
+			{
+				chkpoint
+					= (CheckPoint *) XLogRecGetData(((XLogRecord *) readRecordBuf));
+				prevchkp = lastchkp;
+				lastchkp = ReadRecPtr;
+				lastcheckpoint = *chkpoint;
+				bFoundChkPoint = true;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Check the checkpoint record is found or not */
+	if (!bFoundChkPoint)
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Checkpoint redo record is not found\n"),
+				progname);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We can not know clearly if we had reached the end. But just check if we
+	 * reach the last segment file, if it is not, then some problem there.
+	 */
+	if (readSegNo != LastXLogFile->segno)
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Finished reading xlog segno:%lu is not matching"
+						  " with last xlog file from directory:%lu\n"),
+				progname, readSegNo, LastXLogFile->segno);
+	}
+
+	if (readFile >= 0)
+	{
+		close(readFile);
+		readFile = -1;
+	}
+
+	if (readRecordBuf)
+	{
+		free(readRecordBuf);
+		readRecordBufSize = 0;
+	}
+
+READ_BUF_FREE:
+	free(readBuf);
+	return bFoundChkPoint;
+}
+
+/*
+ * compare two xlog file from their name to see which one is latest.
+ * Return true for file 1 is the lastest file.
+ */
+static bool
+CompareXLogFileNames(XLogFileName * f1, XLogFileName * f2)
+{
+	if (f2->tli >= f1->tli)
+	{
+		if (f2->segno > f1->segno)
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+ * Add the file which had been found in the xlog folder into xlogfilelist.
+ * The xlogfile list is matained in a increasing order.
+ *
+ * The input parameter is the name of the xlog	file, the name is assumpted
+ * valid.
+ */
+static void
+AddXLogFileIntoList(char *fname)
+{
+	XLogFileName *NewSegFile,
+			  **currp;
+	char		path[MAXPGPATH];
+
+	/* Allocate a new node for the new file. */
+	NewSegFile = (XLogFileName *) malloc(sizeof(XLogFileName));
+	if (NULL == NewSegFile)
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Memory allocation failed for size:%lu\n"),
+				progname, sizeof(XLogFileName));
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	strcpy(NewSegFile->fname, fname);	/* setup the name */
+
+	/* extract the time line, xlog segment number from the name. */
+	XLogFromFileName(fname, &(NewSegFile->tli), &(NewSegFile->segno));
+
+	NewSegFile->next = NULL;
+
+	/* Ensure the xlog file is active and valid. */
+	snprintf(path, MAXPGPATH, "%s/%s", XLOGDIR, NewSegFile->fname);
+	readFile = open(path, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0);
+	if (readFile < 0)
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Can not open xlog file %s.\n"), progname, path);
+		free(NewSegFile);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (read(readFile, readBuf, XLOG_BLCKSZ) != XLOG_BLCKSZ)
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Can not read xlog file %s.\n"), progname, path);
+		free(NewSegFile);
+		goto insert_failure;
+	}
+
+	if (!ValidXLOGPageHeader((XLogPageHeader) readBuf,
+							 NewSegFile->tli,
+							 NewSegFile->segno))
+	{
+		free(NewSegFile);
+		goto insert_failure;
+	}
+
+	/* try to search the list and find the insert point. */
+	currp = &xlogfilelist;
+
+	while (*currp && CompareXLogFileNames(NewSegFile, *currp))
+		currp = &((*currp)->next);
+
+	NewSegFile->next = *currp;
+	*currp = NewSegFile;
+
+insert_failure:
+	close(readFile);
+	readFile = -1;
+	return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * validates XLOG directory structure
+ */
+static void
+ValidateXLOGDirectoryStructure(void)
+{
+	char		path[MAXPGPATH];
+	struct stat stat_buf;
+
+	/* Check for pg_xlog; if it doesn't exist, error out */
+	if (stat(XLOGDIR, &stat_buf) != 0
+		|| !S_ISDIR(stat_buf.st_mode))
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: required WAL directory \"%s\" does not exist\n"),
+				progname, XLOGDIR);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	/* Check for archive_status */
+	snprintf(path, MAXPGPATH, XLOGDIR "/archive_status");
+	if ((stat(path, &stat_buf) != 0)
+		|| !S_ISDIR(stat_buf.st_mode))
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: required WAL directory \"%s\" does not exist\n"),
+				progname, path);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if the file is a valid xlog file.
+ * Return true for the input file is a valid xlog file.
+ * The input parameter is the name of the xlog file.
+ */
+static bool
+ValidXLogFileName(char *fname)
+{
+	uint32		logTLI,
+				logId,
+				logSeg;
+
+	if (strlen(fname) != 24 ||
+		strspn(fname, "0123456789ABCDEF") != 24 ||
+		sscanf(fname, "%8x%8x%8x", &logTLI, &logId, &logSeg) != 3)
+		return false;
+	return true;
+
+}
+
+/* Ensure the xlog page header is valid.*/
+static bool
+ValidXLOGPageHeader(XLogPageHeader hdr, uint32 tli, XLogSegNo segno)
+{
+	XLogRecPtr	recaddr;
+
+	if (hdr->xlp_magic != XLOG_PAGE_MAGIC)
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if ((hdr->xlp_info & ~XLP_ALL_FLAGS) != 0)
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (hdr->xlp_info & XLP_LONG_HEADER)
+	{
+		XLogLongPageHeader longhdr = (XLogLongPageHeader) hdr;
+
+		if (longhdr->xlp_seg_size != XLogSegSize)
+		{
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		if (longhdr->xlp_xlog_blcksz != XLOG_BLCKSZ)
+		{
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		/* Get the system identifier from the segment file header. */
+		ControlFile.system_identifier = ((XLogLongPageHeader) longhdr)->xlp_sysid;
+	}
+	else if (0 == readOff)
+	{
+		/* As first page of file doesn't have a long header */
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	XLogSegNoOffsetToRecPtr(segno, readOff, recaddr);
+
+	if (!XLByteEQ(hdr->xlp_pageaddr, recaddr))
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (hdr->xlp_tli != tli)
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Validate an XLOG record header.
+ */
+static bool
+ValidXLogRecordHeader(XLogRecPtr *RecPtr, XLogRecord *record, bool randAccess)
+{
+	/*
+	 * xl_len == 0 is bad data for everything except XLOG SWITCH, where it is
+	 * required.
+	 */
+	if (record->xl_rmid == RM_XLOG_ID && record->xl_info == XLOG_SWITCH)
+	{
+		if (record->xl_len != 0)
+		{
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+	else if (record->xl_len == 0)
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (record->xl_tot_len < SizeOfXLogRecord + record->xl_len ||
+		record->xl_tot_len > SizeOfXLogRecord + record->xl_len +
+		XLR_MAX_BKP_BLOCKS * (sizeof(BkpBlock) + BLCKSZ))
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+	if (record->xl_rmid > RM_MAX_ID)
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (randAccess)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * We can't exactly verify the prev-link, but surely it should be less
+		 * than the record's own address.
+		 */
+		if (!XLByteLT(record->xl_prev, *RecPtr))
+		{
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Record's prev-link should exactly match our previous location. This
+		 * check guards against torn WAL pages where a stale but valid-looking
+		 * WAL record starts on a sector boundary.
+		 */
+		if (!XLByteEQ(record->xl_prev, ReadRecPtr))
+		{
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prepare all the existing XLOG files into a list
+ */
+static bool
+PrepareXLogFileList(void)
+{
+	DIR		   *xldir;
+	struct dirent *xlde;
+
+	ValidateXLOGDirectoryStructure();
+
+	/* Open the xlog direcotry. */
+	xldir = opendir(XLOGDIR);
+	if (xldir == NULL)
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: could not open directory \"%s\": %s\n"),
+				progname, XLOGDIR, strerror(errno));
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/* Search the directory, insert the segment files into the xlogfilelist. */
+	errno = 0;
+	while ((xlde = readdir(xldir)) != NULL)
+	{
+		if (ValidXLogFileName(xlde->d_name))
+		{
+			/* XLog file is found, insert it into the xlogfilelist. */
+			AddXLogFileIntoList(xlde->d_name);
+		}
+		errno = 0;
+	}
+#ifdef WIN32
+	if (GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES)
+		errno = 0;
+#endif
+
+	if (errno)
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, _("%s: could not read from directory \"%s\": %s\n"),
+				progname, XLOGDIR, strerror(errno));
+		closedir(xldir);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	closedir(xldir);
+	return true;
+}
+
+/* check is two segment file is continous.*/
+static bool
+IsNextSeg(XLogFileName * prev, XLogFileName * cur)
+{
+	uint32		logid;
+	uint32		logsegno;
+	XLogSegNo	nextSegno;
+
+	if (prev->tli != cur->tli)
+		return false;
+
+	logid = prev->segno / XLogSegmentsPerXLogId;
+	logsegno = prev->segno % XLogSegmentsPerXLogId;
+
+	if ((logsegno + 1) < XLogSegmentsPerXLogId)
+	{
+		logsegno++;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		logsegno = 0;
+		logid++;
+	}
+
+	nextSegno = (uint64) logid *XLogSegmentsPerXLogId + logsegno;
+
+	if (nextSegno == cur->segno)
+		return true;
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Select the oldest xlog file in the latest time line to start
+ * the search for checkpoint redo record.
+ */
+static bool
+GetStartXLogFile(void)
+{
+	XLogFileName *tmp;
+
+	if (NULL == xlogfilelist)
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	tmp = CurXLogFile = xlogfilelist;
+
+	while (tmp->next != NULL)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * we should ensure that from the first to the last segment file is
+		 * continous.
+		 */
+		if (!IsNextSeg(tmp, tmp->next))
+		{
+			CurXLogFile = tmp->next;
+		}
+
+		tmp = tmp->next;
+	}
+
+	LastXLogFile = tmp;
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * CRC-check an XLOG record.  We do not believe the contents of an XLOG
+ * record (other than to the minimal extent of computing the amount of
+ * data to read in) until we've checked the CRCs.
+ *
+ * We assume all of the record has been read into memory at *record.
+ */
+static bool
+RecordIsValid(XLogRecord *record)
+{
+	pg_crc32	crc;
+	int			i;
+	uint32		len = record->xl_len;
+	BkpBlock	bkpb;
+	char	   *blk;
+
+	/* First the rmgr data */
+	INIT_CRC32(crc);
+	COMP_CRC32(crc, XLogRecGetData(record), len);
+
+	/* Add in the backup blocks, if any */
+	blk = (char *) XLogRecGetData(record) + len;
+	for (i = 0; i < XLR_MAX_BKP_BLOCKS; i++)
+	{
+		uint32		blen;
+
+		if (!(record->xl_info & XLR_SET_BKP_BLOCK(i)))
+			continue;
+
+		memcpy(&bkpb, blk, sizeof(BkpBlock));
+		if (bkpb.hole_offset + bkpb.hole_length > BLCKSZ)
+		{
+			return false;
+		}
+		blen = sizeof(BkpBlock) + BLCKSZ - bkpb.hole_length;
+		COMP_CRC32(crc, blk, blen);
+		blk += blen;
+	}
+
+	/* Check that xl_tot_len agrees with our calculation */
+	if (blk != (char *) record + record->xl_tot_len)
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/* Finally include the record header */
+	COMP_CRC32(crc, (char *) record, offsetof(XLogRecord, xl_crc));
+	FIN_CRC32(crc);
+
+	if (!EQ_CRC32(record->xl_crc, crc))
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/* Clean up the allocated list.*/
+static void
+CleanUpList(XLogFileName * list)
+{
+	XLogFileName *tmp;
+
+	tmp = list;
+	while (list != NULL)
+	{
+		tmp = list->next;
+		free(list);
+		list = tmp;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Reads one XLOG page.
+ */
+static bool
+XLogPageRead(XLogRecPtr *RecPtr)
+{
+	bool		switchlog = false;
+	uint32		targetPageOff;
+	uint32		targetRecOff;
+	XLogSegNo	targetSegNo;
+	char		path[MAXPGPATH];
+
+	XLByteToSeg(*RecPtr, targetSegNo);
+	targetPageOff = (((*RecPtr) % XLogSegSize) / XLOG_BLCKSZ) * XLOG_BLCKSZ;
+	targetRecOff = (*RecPtr) % XLOG_BLCKSZ;
+
+	/* Fast exit if we have read the record in the current buffer already */
+	if ((targetSegNo == readSegNo)
+		&& (targetPageOff == readOff)
+		&& (targetRecOff < XLOG_BLCKSZ))
+		return true;
+
+	/*
+	 * See if we need to switch to a new segment because the requested record
+	 * is not in the currently open one.
+	 */
+	if (readFile >= 0 && !XLByteInSeg(*RecPtr, readSegNo))
+	{
+		close(readFile);
+		readFile = -1;
+	}
+
+	XLByteToSeg(*RecPtr, readSegNo);
+
+	if (readFile < 0)
+	{
+		if (!CurXLogFile)
+		{
+			fprintf(stderr, _("%s: No next file is found to read. "
+							  "Incomplete xlog files.\n"), progname);
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		/* Open a  Xlog segment file. */
+		snprintf(path, MAXPGPATH, "%s/%s", XLOGDIR, CurXLogFile->fname);
+
+		readFile = open(path, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0);
+		if (readFile < 0)
+		{
+			fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Can not open xlog file %s.\n"), progname, path);
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		readTli = CurXLogFile->tli;
+
+		switchlog = true;
+		CurXLogFile = CurXLogFile->next;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * As the following case is not possible, because the search always starts
+	 * from first page.
+	 */
+	if (switchlog && targetPageOff != 0)
+	{
+		Assert(0);
+	}
+
+	/* Read the requested page */
+	readOff = targetPageOff;
+	if (lseek(readFile, (off_t) readOff, SEEK_SET) < 0)
+		return false;
+
+	if (read(readFile, readBuf, XLOG_BLCKSZ) != XLOG_BLCKSZ)
+		return false;
+
+	if (!ValidXLOGPageHeader((XLogPageHeader) readBuf, readTli, readSegNo))
+		return false;
+
+	Assert(targetSegNo == readSegNo);
+	Assert(targetPageOff == readOff);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Attempt to read an XLOG record.
+ */
+static XLogRecord *
+ReadRecord(XLogRecPtr *RecPtr, bool randAccess, bool *bContRec)
+{
+	uint32		targetRecOff;
+	XLogRecord *record;
+	uint32		len;
+	uint32		total_len;
+	uint32		pageHeaderSize;
+	bool		gotheader = false;
+	XLogPageHeader pageHeader;
+
+	/* Read the page of the record */
+	if (!XLogPageRead(RecPtr))
+		return NULL;
+
+	pageHeaderSize = XLogPageHeaderSize((XLogPageHeader) readBuf);
+	targetRecOff = (*RecPtr) % XLOG_BLCKSZ;
+	if (targetRecOff == 0)
+	{
+		(*RecPtr) += pageHeaderSize;
+		targetRecOff = pageHeaderSize;
+	}
+	else if (targetRecOff < pageHeaderSize)
+	{
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	pageHeader = (XLogPageHeader) readBuf;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check the first record of a page is a continuous record or not
+	 */
+	if (!(*bContRec)
+		&& randAccess
+		&& (pageHeader->xlp_info & XLP_FIRST_IS_CONTRECORD))
+	{
+		*bContRec = true;
+	}
+	else
+		*bContRec = false;
+
+	/*
+	 * NB: Even though we use an XLogRecord pointer here, the whole record
+	 * header might not fit on this page. xl_tot_len is the first field in
+	 * struct, so it must be on this page, but we cannot safely access any
+	 * other fields yet.
+	 */
+	record = (XLogRecord *) (readBuf + (*RecPtr) % XLOG_BLCKSZ);
+	if (!(*bContRec))
+	{
+		total_len = record->xl_tot_len;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		total_len = pageHeader->xlp_rem_len;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we got the whole header already, validate it immediately. Otherwise
+	 * we validate it after reading the rest of the header from the next page.
+	 */
+	if (*bContRec)
+	{
+		gotheader = true;
+	}
+	else if (targetRecOff <= (XLOG_BLCKSZ - SizeOfXLogRecord))
+	{
+		if (!ValidXLogRecordHeader(RecPtr, record, randAccess))
+			return NULL;
+		gotheader = true;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Allocate or enlarge readRecordBuf as needed.  To avoid useless small
+	 * increases, round its size to a multiple of BLCKSZ, and make sure it's
+	 * at least 4*BLCKSZ + XLOG_BLCKSZ to start with. (That is enough for all
+	 * "normal" records, but very large commit or abort records might need
+	 * more space.)
+	 */
+	if (total_len > readRecordBufSize)
+	{
+		uint32		newSize = total_len;
+
+		newSize += XLOG_BLCKSZ - (newSize % XLOG_BLCKSZ);
+		newSize = Max(newSize, (4 * BLCKSZ) + XLOG_BLCKSZ);
+
+		if (readRecordBuf)
+			free(readRecordBuf);
+
+		readRecordBuf = (char *) malloc(newSize);
+		if (!readRecordBuf)
+		{
+			fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Memory allocation failed for size: %u\n"),
+					progname, newSize);
+			readRecordBufSize = 0;
+			exit(1);
+		}
+
+		readRecordBufSize = newSize;
+	}
+
+	len = XLOG_BLCKSZ - (*RecPtr) % XLOG_BLCKSZ;		/* available in block */
+	if (total_len > len)
+	{
+		/* Need to reassemble record */
+		char	   *contrecord;
+		XLogRecPtr	pagelsn;
+		char	   *buffer;
+		uint32		gotlen;
+
+		/* Initialize pagelsn to the beginning of the page this record is on */
+		pagelsn = ((*RecPtr) / XLOG_BLCKSZ) * XLOG_BLCKSZ;
+
+		/* Copy the first fragment of the record from the first page. */
+		memcpy(readRecordBuf, readBuf + (*RecPtr) % XLOG_BLCKSZ, len);
+		buffer = readRecordBuf + len;
+		gotlen = len;
+
+		do
+		{
+			/* Calculate pointer to beginning of next page */
+			XLByteAdvance(pagelsn, XLOG_BLCKSZ);
+
+			/* Wait for the next page to become available */
+			if (!XLogPageRead(&pagelsn))
+				return NULL;
+
+			/* Check that the continuation on next page looks valid */
+			pageHeader = (XLogPageHeader) readBuf;
+			if (!(pageHeader->xlp_info & XLP_FIRST_IS_CONTRECORD))
+			{
+				return NULL;
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * Cross-check that xlp_rem_len agrees with how much of the record
+			 * we expect there to be left.
+			 */
+			if (pageHeader->xlp_rem_len == 0 ||
+				total_len != (pageHeader->xlp_rem_len + gotlen))
+			{
+				return NULL;
+			}
+
+			/* Append the continuation from this page to the buffer */
+			pageHeaderSize = XLogPageHeaderSize(pageHeader);
+			contrecord = (char *) readBuf + pageHeaderSize;
+			len = XLOG_BLCKSZ - pageHeaderSize;
+
+			if (pageHeader->xlp_rem_len < len)
+				len = pageHeader->xlp_rem_len;
+
+			memcpy(buffer, (char *) contrecord, len);
+			buffer += len;
+			gotlen += len;
+
+			/* If we just reassembled the record header, validate it. */
+			if (!gotheader)
+			{
+				record = (XLogRecord *) readRecordBuf;
+				if (!ValidXLogRecordHeader(RecPtr, record, randAccess))
+					return NULL;
+
+				gotheader = true;
+			}
+		} while (pageHeader->xlp_rem_len > len);
+
+		record = (XLogRecord *) readRecordBuf;
+		if (!(*bContRec))
+		{
+			if (!RecordIsValid(record))
+				return NULL;
+		}
+
+		pageHeaderSize = XLogPageHeaderSize((XLogPageHeader) readBuf);
+		ReadRecPtr = *RecPtr;
+		XLogSegNoOffsetToRecPtr(
+								readSegNo,
+				readOff + pageHeaderSize + MAXALIGN(pageHeader->xlp_rem_len),
+								EndRecPtr);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* Record does not cross a page boundary */
+		if (!(*bContRec))
+		{
+			if (!RecordIsValid(record))
+				return NULL;
+		}
+
+		ReadRecPtr = *RecPtr;
+		EndRecPtr = *RecPtr + MAXALIGN(total_len);
+		memcpy(readRecordBuf, record, total_len);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Special processing if it's an XLOG SWITCH record
+	 */
+	if (record->xl_rmid == RM_XLOG_ID && record->xl_info == XLOG_SWITCH)
+	{
+		/* Pretend it extends to end of segment */
+		EndRecPtr += XLogSegSize - 1;
+		EndRecPtr -= EndRecPtr % XLogSegSize;
+
+		readOff = XLogSegSize - XLOG_BLCKSZ;
+	}
+
+	return record;
+}
 
 static void
 usage(void)
@@ -994,6 +1994,7 @@ usage(void)
 	printf(_("Options:\n"));
 	printf(_("  -e XIDEPOCH      set next transaction ID epoch\n"));
 	printf(_("  -f               force update to be done\n"));
+	printf(_("  -r               restore the control values if possible\n"));
 	printf(_("  -l xlogfile      force minimum WAL starting location for new transaction log\n"));
 	printf(_("  -m XID           set next multitransaction ID\n"));
 	printf(_("  -n               no update, just show extracted control values (for testing)\n"));