pgsql: Add pg_basebackup tool for streaming base backups

Add pg_basebackup tool for streaming base backups

This tool makes it possible to do the pg_start_backup/
copy files/pg_stop_backup step in a single command.

There are still some steps to be done before this is a
complete backup solution, such as the ability to stream
the required WAL logs, but it's still usable, and
could do with some buildfarm coverage.

In passing, make the checkpoint request optionally
fast instead of hardcoding it.

Magnus Hagander, reviewed by Fujii Masao and Dimitri Fontaine

Branch
------
master

Details
-------
http://git.postgresql.org/gitweb?p=postgresql.git;a=commitdiff;h=048d148fe63102fafb2336ab5439c950dea7f692

Modified Files
--------------
doc/src/sgml/backup.sgml | 10 +
doc/src/sgml/config.sgml | 3 +-
doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml | 11 +-
doc/src/sgml/ref/allfiles.sgml | 1 +
doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml | 397 ++++++++++++
doc/src/sgml/reference.sgml | 1 +
src/backend/replication/basebackup.c | 19 +-
src/backend/replication/repl_gram.y | 11 +-
src/backend/replication/repl_scanner.l | 1 +
src/backend/replication/walsender.c | 2 +-
src/bin/Makefile | 2 +-
src/bin/pg_basebackup/Makefile | 38 ++
src/bin/pg_basebackup/nls.mk | 5 +
src/bin/pg_basebackup/pg_basebackup.c | 1035 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
src/include/replication/basebackup.h | 2 +-
src/include/replication/replnodes.h | 1 +
src/tools/msvc/Mkvcbuild.pm | 2 +
17 files changed, 1528 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)